noun

a factor, especially a financial disadvantage, that discourages a particular action.

spiralling house prices are beginning to act as a disincentive to development

deterrent,discouragement,dissuasion,damper,brake,curb,check,restraint,inhibition,obstacle,impediment,hindrance,obstruction,block,barrier

adjective

tending to discourage.

higher taxes have major disincentive effects on work effort